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EB

EB

ONLINE

First English edition

Prague : Charles University in Prague, Karolinum Press, 2013

1 online zdroj (356 stran) : ilustrace

ISBN 978-80-246-2328-3 (online ; pdf)

ISBN 978-80-246-3061-8 (online ; epub)

ISBN 978-80-246-2214-9 (print)

This book targets the problems of emergence and stabilization of the earliest state bodies in the pristine statehood foci of the Old World - Egypt, Mesopotamia, India and China. Charvát takes his readers through the essential economic, political and intellectual transformations induced in those societies by their transformations into early states. The author also provides a comprehensive view over the entire range of the discussed problems, attempting to perceive the process of establishment of the earliest states of the Old World in its complexity. The book gives the word to ancient statesmen, as well as to men of religion and letters of yore, voicing their alarm in crisis situations of their states, when they feared collapse of what they understood as "civilized society". Addressing their admonitions to kings, managers, generals and, where possible, the widest circles of society, such thinkers urged their contemporaries to defend the ideals on which their civilizations wer e built. The book is addressed to all those interested in the emergence and development of humankind´s earliest states including university students of humanity disciplines..

Popsáno podle tištěné verze

000253035

Preface ...11 // Acknowledgements ...14 // ANCIENT EGYPT // The Natural Environment ...17 // The Roots and Origin of All Things: The Productive Economy In Egypt (Neolithic Age, ca. 5500-4500 BC) ...19 // The Chalcolithic Age or Building Inequality: The Badari Culture (4500-3800 BC) ...25 // Embryonic Signs of the State: Naqada I, II and III (4th millenium BC) ...27 // Economy ...27 // The embryos of cities ...29 // Social differentiation: the elite and the others ...31 // Egyptian society of the pre-state period in burial rituals.38 // Lower Egypt: Between the Pharaoh and the Red Sea ...41 // Economy ...41 // Settlements ...43 // Burials // Beyond everyday borders: contact with Asia // Confronting the Enemy: Nubia ...49 // The Burial of the Famous and Powerful // in the Northern Part of Upper Egypt: Abydos ...50 // Burial Grounds Of The Southern Kingdom // of Upper Egypt: An Elite Burial Site In Hieraconpolis ...53 // "Simple" Egyptians ...56 // The Dawn Of The Egyptian Writing System ...59 // The Birth of the Egyptian State ...63 // Stabilization of the Early Egyptian State ...68 // Characteristics of the Early Egyptian State ...69 // ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA // The Natural Environment ...73 // The Dawn of a More Advanced Social Structure (the Halaf culture, 6000-5000 BC) ...77 // Early Historiography: Susa at the Close // of the 5th Millenium BC ...85 // Mausoleum of Susa ...85 // Painted pottery of Susa: the people and their communities ...87 // Painted pottery of Susa: the people and their work ...90 // Painted pottery of Susa: deities ...93 // Painted pottery of Susa: Why? ...95 // Susa at the Dawn of the Uruk Period: First Reports // from the Creation of the State (early 4’h millenium BC) ...97 // The sacral face of the age: activating fertility powers.100 // The secular face of the age: building, protection, tradition. ...102 //

Sumer, the Southern Part of Mesopotamia: While This Was Happening ...106 // Activating the potential of fertility powers ...106 // Writing! Writing? ...107 // The enchantment of cylinder seals ...109 // “You will not be like gods” ...110 // Behold, Civilization: the Greater Community // of the Late Period Of Uruk Culture (3500-3200 Be) - // En, Nin, Nameshda ...112 // Economy: redistribution prevails ...116 // Spiritual and political leaders: EN, NIN, NAMESHDA ...118 // Innovations at the dawn of the ?"1 millenium ??: LUGAL, NIN, NAMESHDA ...122 // ??? wise Owl of Minerva flies at dusk: the crisis // of the 27"’ century BC and what came of it - // LUGAL, ENSI2, EN ...125 // "The End of the Beginning": the Sumerian State at the Close Of The Early Dynastic Period (ca. 2500-2334 BC) ...130 // The king and his court ...130 // The powerful and revered ...134 // Careful and resourceful ...138 // “He who shackles slaves ...” ...141 // Conclusion ...143 // ANCIENT INDIA // The Natural Environment ...147 // Prehistoric Beginnings ...150 // The Preparátor)- Period ...160 // The Proto-Indian Culture (2500-1900 BC) ...163 // Economy ...163 // City life ...167 // Mohenjo-daro ...169 // Harappa ...175 // Towns and cities ...178 // Rural life ...180 // A state organism? ...181 // The spiritual culture ...186 // The Demise of Proto-Indian Culture ...198 // ANCIENT CHINA // The Natural Environment ...203 // Prehistoric Beginnings: "Mesolithic-Neolithic" - // Hunters, Gatherers and Farmers ...206 // The Neolithic Period in southern China ...213 // The Chalcolithic Period (We Are No Longer All Equal) ...217 China’s Northern Regions during the Chalcolithic Period ...224 // The Beginnings of the State ...227 // The Traditional Interpretation of Chinese History ...227 // The Erlitou Culture ...228 // In the cities and peripheral areas of the first state // Zhengzhou //

Anyang // Western Zhou // The Economy of the First Chinese State // Society // Characteristics of the first Chinese state. // A state arises from kinship // What followed? // What the elite took with them on their journey // to the next world // The spiritual world // HOW THEN IS A STATE BORN? // First, a Brief Review ...267 // Subsistence ...270 // Agriculture ...27 // Craft ...274 // Trading ...276 // Settlements ...278 // Burials ...281 // Society ...288 // Organizational centers of the Chalcolithic societies // and their facilities ...2 8 // Courtiers of the first rulers: clever, resolute and foresighted ...291 // Courtiers of the first rulers: those who speak with the gods. ...295 // Egypt ...295 // Sumer and Akkad ...298 // What was the deification of the Mesopotamian rulers like? ...297 // India and China ...899 // Three social estates and the birth of the state ...301 // Metaphysics ...395 // The human world, space, time and their nature ...305 // The non-human world ...398 // Is the world around us composed of the elements? ...310 // Powers of the overworld ...311 // Art ...313 // Conclusion ...315 // Appendix: the State in Trouble // Egypt // Mesopotamia // India // China // Bibliography 341 // Index 347

(OCoLC)875999523

(YANK)11728818

(EBRY)ebr10852879

(EBSC)905907