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BK

New York : Oxford University Press, [2019]

xii, 151 stran : ilustrace ; 22 cm

ISBN 978-0-19-087133-8 (vázáno)

Obsahuje bibliografii na stranách 141-143 a rejstřík

001473026

CONTENTS // Prologue I ix // 1. The World Is Not a Machine | 1 // The Nonergodic Universe above the Level of Atoms | 2 // Beyond the Second Law | 4 // Why Do Human Hearts Exist? | 6 // What Is an Organism? | 8 // The World as Machine | 11 // 2. The Function of Function | 13 // 3. Propagating Organization | 17 Work I 19 // Boundary Conditions, Work, and Entropy | 20 The Constraint Work Cycle | 21 Nonpropagating and Propagating Work | 23 Constraint Closure—and More | 27 Two Closures | 29 // Potential for Self-Reproduction: Three Closures I 29 // Ví // Contents // Nonmystical Holism | 30 // The Genericity of Physics and Specificity of Biology | Propagating Organization of Process | 31 // 4. Demystifying Life | 33 The RNA World | 35 The Lipid World | 39 // The Connectivity of Random Graphs | 40 From the Computer to the Lab | 47 Three Closures of Life | 50 // Life as the Daughter of Molecular Diversity | 51 The “Life Force” | 52 // 5. How to Make a Metabolism | 55 CHNOPS I 62 // Beginning Guesses about Reaction Graphs | 64 Into the Laboratory | 67 // Joining a Metabolism to a Collectively Autocatalytic // 6. Protocells I 77 // The Damer-Deamer Scenario | 78 Onward to Protocells | 81 // Entropy and Persistent Self-Construction | 84 Things Not Said | 85 // 7. Heritable Variation | 87 // 8. The Games We Play | 91 // Sensing, Evaluating, Responding to the World | 92 Moving I 93 // Contents // vii // From Matter to Mattering | 93 // Instrumental Ought | 94 // The Filigreed Games

We Play | 95 // Interlude: The Surprising True Story of Patrick S. “The First,” Rupert R., Sly S., and Gus G., Protocells in Their Very Early // Years | 97 // The Story of Patrick! | 97 The Story of Rupert! | 101 The Amazing Story of Sly Protocell | 104 The Story of Gus | 105 // 9. The Stage Is Set | 109 // The Biosphere Explodes in Diversity | 110 We Cannot Mathematize This Becoming | 111 Context-Dependent Information | 112 // 10. Exaptations and Screwdrivers | 115 Preadaptations and Exaptations | 115 The Many Uses of Screwdrivers | 118 Jury-Rigging and Whatnot | 120 // 11. A World Beyond Physics | 123 Entropy and Evolution | 123 // Niche Creation Is Self-Amplifying | 124 Beyond Law: Biology Cannot Be Reduced to Physics | 125 No Laws Entail the Becoming of the Biosphere | 127 Reductionism Fails I 127 // Vlil // Contents // Epilogue: The Evolution of the Economy | 129 What Is an Economic Web? | 130 Two Senses of “Need” | 130 // A Brief Look at the Evolution of the IT Industry | 131 The Adjacent Possible of the Economic Web | 133 The Algorithmic Adjacent Possible | 133 The Non-Algorithmic, Unprestatable, Adjacent Possible of the Economy | 134 // The Diversity of Contexts and Diversity of Uses | 136 The Growing Web Is the Growing Context for Its Own Further Growth | 137 // A Brief Comment on Standard Economic Growth Models I 137 // An Early Statistical Model of the Adjacent Possible | 138 // REFERENCES | 141 INDEX I 145