.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

EB

EB

Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2017

1 online zdroj

ISBN 9781315155494 (e-kniha : PDF)

ISBN 9781351642019 (e-kniha : Mobi)

ISBN !9781498783750 (chyb.) (Vázáno)

Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy

"3D Printing is a faster, more cost-effective method for building prototypes from three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) drawings. 3D Printing provides a fundamental overview of the general product design and manufacturing process and presents the technology and application for designing and fabricating parts in a format that makes learning easy. This user-friendly book clearly covers the 3D printing process for designers, teachers, students, and hobbyists and can also be used as a reference book in a product design and process development."--Provided by publisher..

001478577

Book Organization // Preface // Acknowledgments // About the Author.. // XV // xvii . xix . xxi // 1. Introduction 1 // 1.1 Introduction 1 // 1.2 The World of 3DP 2 // 1.2.1 What Is 3DP? 2 // 1.2.2 What Is RP? 3 // 1.2.3 The History of 3DP 3 // 1.2.4 Applications of 3DP 5 // 1.2.5 The Basic Process of 3DP 5 // 1.2.6 Industries Using 3DP 6 // 1.3 Growth of RP and 3DP Systems 7 // 1.3.1 Growth of RP 7 // 1.3.2 3DP Sales by Regions 9 // 1.3.3 Units Sold by U.S. Companies 10 // 1.3.4 3D Printer Technology Development 10 // 1.4 Current Popular 3D Printers 11 // 1.4.1 MakerBot Replicator 2 12 // 1.4.2 FormLabs 1+ 12 // 1.4.3 Ultimaker 2 14 // 1.5 Applications in Education and Industry 15 // 1.5.1 Choosing the Right 3D Printer for Specific // Application 15 // 1.5.1.1 Preproduction Applications 16 // 1.5.1.2 Digital Manufacturing 16 // 1.5.2 Applications of 3DP in Product Development 17 // 1.5.3 Application in Reverse Engineering 18 // 1.5.4 Product Development Using a Low-Cost // RE Process 18 // 1.5.4.1 Project Objective 18 // 1.5.4.2 Procedure 19 // 1.5.4.3 Results 20 // 1.5.4.4 Conclusion and Discussion 20 // 1.5.5 Application in Casting and Pattern Making 21 // 1.5.6 Application in RT 22 // 1.5.7 Application in RM 23 // 1.5.8 Jet Engine Applications 23 // 1.5.9 On-Demand Parts in Space // 1.5.10 Medical Applications // 1.5.10.1 Bioprinting Tissues and Organs // 1.5.10.2 Implants and Prosthetics // 1.5.10.3 3D Printed Dosage Forms and Drug // Delivery Devices // 1.6 Summary // 1.7 Questions // References // 25 // 26 26 26 // 27 // 28 29 29 // 2. How Does 3D Printing Work? 31 // 2.1 Introduction 31 // 2.2 3D Printing and Conventional Manufacturing 31 // 2.3 Basics of 3D Printing Process 34 // 2.3.1 Creation of Solid Model 35 // 2.3.2 Conversion to STL File 36 // 2.3.3 Slicing the File 39 // 2.3.4 Making the Prototype 40 // 2.3.5 Postprocessing 40 //

2.4 Problems with the STL File Format 42 // 2.5 Other Translators 43 // 2.5.1 Modern File Formats 43 // 2.5.1.1 VRML File 43 // 2.5.1.2 AMF File 43 // 2.5.1.3 3MF File 44 // 2.5.1.4 OBJ File 44 // 2.5.2 Older File Formats Still in Use 44 // 2.5.2.1 3DS 44 // 2.5.2.2 ICES File 44 // 2.5.2.3 HPCL File 45 // 2.5.2.4 CT Data 45 // 2.6 Future Manufacturing Format Developments 45 // 2.7 Case Study: Design and Printing of Eye Bracket 46 // 2.7.1 Introduction 46 // 2.7.2 Project Procedure 48 // 2.8 Summary 52 // 2.9 Questions and Problems 52 // References 54 // 3. Design of a 3D Printer 55 // 3.1 Introduction 55 // 3.2 Necessary Parts 56 // 3.3 Functional Description and Design Analysis 56 // 3.4 Build Process 60 // 3.5 Future Improvements 64 // Contents // ix // 3.6 Questions 66 // References 67 // 4. Calibrating the 3D Printer 69 // 4.1 Introduction 69 // 4 2 Types of 3D Printing Software 70 // 4 3 3D Printer Software Configuration Using Marlin 70 // 4.3.1 Configuring MARLIN 71 // 4.3.2 Testing the 3D Printer Movement 73 // 4.4 The First Print 74 // 4.4.1 Creating or Downloading a Part 74 // 4.4.2 Configuring the Cura Software 75 // 4.4.3 Final Print Configuration 76 // 4.4.4 Accuracy 76 // 4.4.5 Fill 76 // 4.4.6 Skirt 77 // 4.4.7 Speed and Temperature 77 // 4.4.8 Support Structure 77 // 4.4.9 Filament 78 // 4.4.10 Printing 78 // 4.5 Summary 78 // 4.6 Questions 78 // References 79 // 5. Materials for 3D Printing 81 // 5.1 Introduction 81 // 5.2 Types of Materials 82 // 5.2.1 Polymers 82 // 5.2.1.1 Thermoplastic Polymers 82 // 5.2.1.2 Thermosetting Polymers 83 // 5.2.1.3 Elastomers 85 // 5.2.2 Metals 85 // 5.2.3 Ceramics 86 // 5.2.4 Composites 87 // 5.3 Liquid-Based Materials 88 // 5.3.1 Polymers 88 // 5.3.2 Metals and Composites 89 // 5.4 Solid-Based Materials 89 // 5.4.1 Polymers 89 // 5.4.2 Metals 90 // 5.4.3 Composites 91 // 5.5 Powder-Based Materials 91 //

5.5.1 Polymers 91 // 5.5.1.1 Thermoplastics 91 // 5.5.1.2 Polymer Composites 91 // x Contents // 5.5.1.3 Elastomers 92 // 5.5.1.4 Powders 92 // 5.5.1.5 Selected Properties 92 // 5.5.2 Metals 92 // 5.5.2.1 Selective Laser Sintering 92 // 5.5.2.2 SLS and Hot-Isostatic Pressing 93 // 5.5.2.3 Direct Metal Laser Sintering 94 // 5.5.2.4 Direct Metal Deposition 94 // 5.5.3 Ceramics 94 // 5.5.3.1 Aluminum Oxide 94 // 5.5.3.2 Zirconium Oxide 94 // 5.6 Common Materials Used in 3D Printers 95 // 5.6.1 PLA 95 // 5.6.2 ABS 95 // 5.6.3 PC 96 // 5.6.4 Polymides (Nylon) 96 // 5.7 Materials Selection Considerations 96 // 5.7.1 Application 96 // 5.7.2 Function 97 // 5.7.3 Geometry 97 // 5.7.4 Postprocessing 97 // 5.8 Summary 97 // 5.9 Questions 98 // References 98 // 6. Classifications of Rapid Prototyping and 3D Printing // Systems 99 // 6.1 Introduction 99 // 6.2 FDM Systems 100 // 6.2.1 Stratasys RP Machines 100 // 6.2.2 Principles of FDM 100 // 6.2.3 The FDM Process 102 // 6.2.4 Machines 103 // 6.2.5 Stratasys J-750 103 // 6.2.6 Stratasys Dimension Elite 104 // 6.2.7 Stratasys Objet Eden260VS 105 // 6.2.8 FDM 3D Printing 105 // 6.2.9 MakerBot Replicator 106 // 6.3 SLA Systems 106 // 6.3.1 The Details of SLA Process 107 // 6.3.2 The SLA Process 107 // 6.3.3 SLA 3D Printing 108 // 6.4 SLS Systems 110 // 6.4.1 SLS Overview 110 // 6.4.2 3D Systems sPro 60 HD 111 // 6.4.3 Sinterit Lisa SLS 3D Printer 111 // 6.5 Thermal Inkjet Printing Systems 112 // 6.5.1 Stratasys Polyjet ??? Inkjet 3D Printer 113 // 6 6 Comparisons between Printing Processes 114 // 6.7 Questions 114 // References 115 // 7. Scanning and Reverse Engineering 117 // 7.1 Introduction 117 // 7.2 Measuring Devices 118 // 7.2.1 Overview 118 // 7.2.2 Contact-Type Measuring Devices 120 // 7.2.3 Noncontact-Type Measuring Devices 121 // 7.2.3.1 Laser Scanning Systems 121 // 7.23.2 CT Scanning Systems 125 //

7.3 CAD Model Construction from Point Clouds 127 // 7.3.1 Preprocessing 128 // 7.3.2 Point Clouds to Surface Model Creation 128 // 7.3.3 Medical Data Processing 132 // 7.4 Data Handling and Reduction Methods 132 // 7.4.1 3D Grid Methods 133 // 7.4.1.1 Extraction of Points 134 // 7.4.1.2 Analysis 135 // 7.5 Applications of RE 136 // 7.5.1 Applications 136 // 7.5.2 Product Development and Manufacturing 136 // 7.5.3 Entertainment 138 // 7.5.4 Biomedical Engineering 138 // 7.5.5 Other Applications 138 // 7.6 Case Studies 139 // 7.6.1 Case 1: Recreation of Mechanical Parts 139 // 7.6.1.1 Introduction 139 // 7.6.1.2 Methodology 139 // 7.6.1.3 Prototype of Mechanical Part 141 // 7.6.2 Case 2: RE Prosthetics 141 // 7.6.2.1 Introduction 141 // 7.6.2.2 Methodology 142 // 7.6.2.3 Mold of Human Fingers 142 // 7.6.2.4 Computer Model of Human Fingers 142 // 7.7 Summary 144 // 7.8 Problems 144 // References 145 // 8. Common Applications of 3D Printers 147 // 8.1 Introduction 147 // xii Contents // 8.2 3D Modeling Software ? // 8.3 Design and 3D Printing of ?? Everyday Bottle Opener 150 // 8.3.1 Introduction 150 // 8.3.2 Detailed Design 151 // 8.3.3 Results and Conclusions I54 // 8.4 Design and 3D Printing of a Flower Vase I54 // 8.4.1 Introduction I54 // 8.4.2 Detailed Design I54 // 8.4.3 Results and Conclusions 156 // 8.5 Recreation of Human Face Using Reverse Engineering 156 // 8.5.1 Introduction 156 // 8.5.2 Detailed Design I57 // 8.5.3 Results and Discussion I59 // 8.5.4 Conclusion 163 // 8.6 Recreation of Human Fingers for Accident Victims 164 // 8.6.1 Introduction 164 // 8.6.2 Detailed Design 165 // 8.6.3 Results and Discussion 167 // 8.6.4 Conclusion 173 // 8.7 Summary I73 // 8.8 Questions I74 // References I74 // 9. 3D Printing in Medicine 177 // 9.1 Introduction 177 // 9.2 Medical Applications of 3DP 178 // 9.2.1 Teaching Aids and Simulators 178 //

9.2.2 Presurgical Planning Models 178 // 9.2.3 Customized Surgical Implants 179 // 9.2.4 Mechanical Bone Replicas 179 // 9.2.5 Prosthetics and Orthotics 179 // 9.2.6 Bioprinting 180 // 9.3 Types of Medical Imaging 180 // 9.3.1 X-Ray Technology 181 // 9.3.2 Nature of X-Rays 182 // 9.3.3 Applications of X-Rays 182 // 9.3.4 Magnetic Resonance Imagery 183 // 9.3.5 How MRI Works 184 // 9.3.6 CT 184 // 9.4 Software for Making Medical Models 186 // 9.4.1 Materialised Interactive Medical Image Control // System and the CT Modeler System 186 // 9.4.2 Visualization Tools 186 // 9.4.3 Visualization and Measurements Tools 187 // 9.5 Materials for Medical Applications 188 // 9 6 Methodology for Printing Medical Models 189 // 97 Benefits of 3DP in Medicine 190 // 9 8 3D Printing of a Cl Vertebrate from CT Scan Data 191 // 9.8.1 Objectives and Benefits 191 // 9.8.2 General Project Process and Software 191 // 9.8.3 Detailed Process 192 // 9.8.4 3D Printing the Part 192 // 9.9 Summary 195 // 9.10 Questions 195 // References 1% // 10. How to Select Rapid Prototyping and 3D Printer 197 // 10.1 Introduction 197 // 10.2 Choosing 3D Printer 198 // 10.2.1 Safety and Environment 198 // 10.2.2 Process and Material 198 // 10.2.3 Quality of Printer 199 // 10.2.4 Price 199 // 10.3 Operating Issues 200 // 10.3.1 Learn to Use It 200 // 10.3.2 Learn to Maintain It 200 // 10.4 Accessing 3DP and RP Systems 201 // 10.4.1 Service Bureau 201 // 10.4.2 Popular Service Providers 202 // 10.4.3 Consortia 202 // 10.4.4 Build Your Own 202 // 10.5 Development of an Expert System 203 // 10.5.1 Introduction 203 // 10.5.2 The Need for RP 203 // 10.5.3 Need for an Expert System 205 // 10.5.4 Literature Review 205 // 10.5.5 Creating the System 207 // 10.5.6 Selection of Factors 207 // 10.5.7 Prioritization and Selection 209 // 10.5.8 Development of MATLAB Program 209 // 10.5.9 Running the Program 212 //

10.5.10 Limitations and Future Improvements of the Program 214 // 10.5.11 Conclusion 215 // 10.6 Present and Future Trends 215 // 10.7 Summary 216 // 10.8 Questions 216 // References 217 // Appendix A: Glossary of Terms 219 // Appendix B: List of Abbreviations 223 // Appendix C: MATLAB Program for Expert System 225 // Index 263

(OCoLC)993988387